In today’s digital world, protecting information is very important. Whether it’s personal data, banking details, or online communication, encryption and decryption ensure that sensitive information stays secure.

What is Encryption?

Encryption is the process of converting a normal, readable message (plaintext) into an unreadable format called ciphertext.

This ciphertext looks meaningless and cannot be understood without a proper decryption key.

Example:

Plaintext:

HELLO

Ciphertext:

KHOOR

Here, each letter is shifted by 3 positions (Caesar Cipher).

Caesar Cipher

The Caesar cipher is a very simple and old method of hiding messages. It works by changing each letter in a message to another letter by moving a fixed number of steps in the alphabet.

For example, if we use a shift of 3:

A becomes D

B becomes E

So, every letter is just moved 3 positions forward (or backward) to create a secret message.

Types of Encryption

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