48. Rotate Image

Difficulty: Medium

Topics: Array , Math , Matrix

You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image, rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

You have to rotate the image in-place , which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Example 1:

Input: matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]

Output: [[7,4,1],[8,5,2],[9,6,3]]

Example 2:

Input: matrix = [[5,1,9,11],[2,4,8,10],[13,3,6,7],[15,14,12,16]]

Output: [[15,13,2,5],[14,3,4,1],[12,6,8,9],[16,7,10,11]]

Constraints:

n == matrix.length == matrix[i].length

1 <= n <= 20

-1000 <= matrix[i][j] <= 1000

Solution:

The solution rotates an n x n matrix 90 degrees clockwise in-place without using extra memory. It achieves this by a two-step process : first transposing the matrix (swap rows and columns), then reversing each row.…