The NIH Value Set Authority Center (VSAC) has an oldie but goodie documentation on cosine similarity and overlapping values at https://www.nlm.nih.gov/vsac/support/userforum/VSACUsersForum12.pdf

Happy to see they quoted one of my posts:

https://irthoughts.wordpress.com/2015/04/10/a-cosine-similarity-tool-and-companion-tutorial/

For resources relevant to the topic, see

72 Binary Similarity Measures Tool: http://www.minerazzi.com/tools/similarity/binary-similarity-calculator.php

Cosine Similarity Calculator: http://www.minerazzi.com/tools/cosine-similarity/cosine-similarity-calculator.php