Introduction

Every website you have ever visited is, underneath, an HTML document. HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is not a programming language — it has no logic, no loops, no variables. It is a way of describing structure: this is a heading, this is a paragraph, this is a link, this is a list. Everything else — CSS for styling, JavaScript for behaviour — builds on top of that structure.

Tags, elements, and nesting

HTML is made of tags in angle brackets. Most come in pairs: an opening tag, content, and a closing tag.

<article> <h1> The Practical Developer </h1> <p> Practical tutorials, tools, and tips for developers. </p> <a href= "https://practicaldevblog.blogspot.com/" > Visit the blog </a> </article>

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<article> groups a self-contained piece of content, <h1> is the main heading, <p> is a paragraph, and <a> is a link whose destination lives in the href attribute.…