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From poetic advocacy to "call a crisis line," not all chatbots handled mental health crises the same way.

K. Mitch Hodge / Unsplash

Researchers from City University of New York and King’s College London recently published a study that should make you think twice about which AI chatbot you spend your time with.

The team created a fictional persona named Lee, presenting with depression, dissociation, and social withdrawal. They then had Lee interact with five major AI chatbots: GPT-4o, GPT-5.2, Grok 4.1 Fast, Gemini 3 Pro, and Claude Opus 4.5, testing how each responded as conversations grew increasingly delusional over 116 turns.

The results ranged from mildly concerning to genuinely alarming. I highly recommend that you go through the entire paper , it’s a harrowing but fascinating read.

Which chatbots failed the most?

Grok was the worst performer.…