Crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) are among the most feared creatures on coral reefs. Covered in sharp, toxin-filled spines, these predators are notorious for consuming coral and leaving widespread destruction in their wake.

However, new research from the University of Sydney suggests these infamous reef destroyers may also have a surprisingly beneficial side. When their populations remain under control, crown-of-thorns starfish can help maintain healthy coral communities and support greater biodiversity.

Native to Australia's Great Barrier Reef, these coral-eating starfish have caused enormous damage during population explosions. Since the 1960s, the reef has experienced four major outbreaks, occurring roughly every 15 years.…