Utah on Wednesday filed criminal charges against prediction market operator Kalshi and two of its executives, months after a federal judge rejected Kalshi’s effort to prevent Utah from enforcing its strict anti-gambling laws against the activity.

The felony charges could represent a new tactic in how states try to assert regulatory authority over the fast-expanding activity, a clash that appears headed to a showdown at the US supreme court.

The charges include 13 counts of violating the state’s prohibition on gambling and another charge involving profiting off illegal activity.

The state’s charging documents name Kalshi and its co-founders, chief executive officer Tarek Mansour and chief operating officer Luana Lopes Lara.

In a statement, Utah attorney general Derek Brown said Kalshi has continued to operate in Utah, despite a federal court ruling that Utah’s gambling laws apply to the company.

“Gambling is illegal in Utah, whether you place the bet, run the game, or promote it.…