Pakistan could argue that the imposition of unilateral sanctions conflicts with key principles of the UN Charter.

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Pakistan’s energy crisis is no secret. With a growing population and increasing industrial demands, the country’s reliance on imported energy has strained its economy. While Pakistan is often late in making timely decisions, it acted well on time when it signed the Gas Sales Purchase Agreement (GSPA) with Iran in 2009 to import gas and meet the country’s growing energy needs.

The Iran-Pakistan Gas Pipeline (IPGP), also called the Peace Pipeline, offered a direct and cost-effective solution, promising a steady supply of natural gas from Iran. In 2013, construction of the pipeline was inaugurated in Pakistan, but progress stalled due to concerns over U.S. sanctions on Iran.

In 2023, Iran reiterated its expectations for Pakistan regarding the pipeline and set a new deadline for Pakistan to complete its section of the pipeline by September 2024.…