WASHINGTON — Tackling the latest in a series of cases that pit LGBTQ and religious rights against each other, the Supreme Court on Tuesday will consider whether Catholic entities should be exempted from the state’s antidiscrimination rules so they can participate in a taxpayer-funded preschool program.

In the Election Day session, the justices will weigh whether Colorado’s refusal to grant an accommodation violates the religious rights of the Archdiocese of Denver and other plaintiffs under the Constitution’s First Amendment.

It is the latest in a series of cases in which Christian plaintiffs have pushed back against antidiscrimination measures aimed at protecting LGBTQ rights.…