Volcano Watch is a weekly article and activity update written by U.S. Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory scientists and affiliates.

Comparison of the 1983–1986 Puʻuʻōʻō eruption lava fountain heights (top) with those of the 2024–ongoing Halemaʻumaʻu eruption (bottom). Note that the Puʻuʻōʻō measurements were made to the highest incandescent particle, whereas the measurements of the ongoing Halemaʻumaʻu eruption show the top of the main continuously incandescent lava fountain body. The comparison nevertheless shows the differing trends in fountain heights for each eruption. USGS plot.

Both eruptions produced spectacular high fountains, as did the 1959 Kīlauea Iki eruption with 17 episodes and the 1969-1970 Maunaulu eruption with 12 episodes.…