Quantum computers and other advanced quantum technologies rely on specialized quantum materials that behave in unusual ways under the right conditions. In some cases, scientists can even create entirely new quantum properties by carefully changing a material's structure. One striking example involves stacking sheets of graphene and twisting them into a moiré pattern, which can suddenly turn the material into a superconductor.

Researchers can arrange these layers into even more complicated structures, including quasicrystals and super-moiré materials. But predicting how these exotic materials will behave is extraordinarily difficult.…