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SLE is a debilitating autoimmune disorder of unclear aetiology 4 , 5 , 6 . SLE involves multiple organs and is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear proteins, nucleic acid-associated proteins and double-stranded DNA 7 . Although antigen-specific T cell responses 8 have a substantial role, it is largely unknown what antigens the T cells respond to 9 . Mounting evidence also suggests that innate immune cells have a central role in driving the underlying mechanisms of SLE 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , including the elevated levels of type I interferons found in most patients with SLE 15 . Neutrophils are increasingly implicated 11 , 12 , 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 as sources of SLE autoantigens, including both nucleic acids and proteins, that are released during inflammatory cell death via processes such as NETosis 13 and ferroptosis 19 . Although neutropoiesis is accelerated in SLE 15 , many patients are neutropenic, indicating increased neutrophil consumption.…